 | Abies fargesii Franch.Common NamesFarges fir; Bashan lengshan [Chinese] (2).Taxonomic notesSyn: A. fargesii var. tieghemii Bord.-Rey et Gaussen (2). Two varieties, faxoniana (Rehder et Wilson) Liu and sutchuensis Franch. [syn: A. sutchuensis (Franch.) Rehder et Wilson; A. kansouensis Bord.-Rey et Gaussen]. The status of var. sutchuensis is unsettled; it "may be only an ecological form of Farges fir, it has leaves with more revolute margins and acute apices than the typical variety. Some authors (e.g. Rushforth, 1987) are inclined to treat the varieties of A. fargesii as synonyms of the species because overlapping characters are found" (2). The closely related A. fanjingshanensis may also prove to be a variety of A. fargesii.DescriptionA conical tree 35-65 m tall, 1.5-2 m dbh, with a cylindrical trunk. First order branches massive, short, sparse; second order branches spreading, assurgent, or pendant below. Crown narrowly pyramidal or conical. Bark smooth, grey, finely flaky on young trees, becoming grey-brown, scaly, and fissured on old trees. Branchlets smooth, shallowly grooved, slightly pubescent in the grooves; reddish brown, purplish or 'mahogany' (variable); glabrous or minutely pubescent in grooves of first year shoots; leaf scars circular. Vegetative buds ovoid to broadly obtuse, resinous, keeled, 6-8 mm long and 4-5 mm wide, slightly resinous; purple-red; bud scales triangular-ovate, yellowish-brown, persisting for several years. Leaves spirally arranged, crowded in several overlapping ranks of unequal length, the lower leaves pectinate, on coning shoots assurgent, (1-)1.5-3(-4.5) cm long × 2-3.5 mm wide, twisted at base, ligulate-linear or linear, flat or margins slightly revolute, apex emarginate or bifid, obtuse or acute on cone-bearing shoots; stomata below in two bands divided by a midrib; shining green above, whitish- or glaucous-green below; resin canals 2, medial, large. Male cones yellow with red microsporophylls, cylindrical, 13 mm long by 5 mm wide, crowded, axillary near shoot apex. Female cone bluish-purple, maturing to purplish- or reddish-brown, apex obtuse or umbilicate, ovoid-oblong or broadly cylindric, 5-9 cm long by 3-4 cm wide, peduncles very short. Seed scales cuneate-flabellate, 8-12 mm long × 15-20 mm wide (at mid-cone), smooth, puberulent; upper margin rounded, entire; base pedicellate; bract hidden or slightly exserted and reflexed, bract scales: obovate-cuneate, 1-l.5 cm long. Seeds oblong, black, 5-6 × 3-3.5 mm, to 15 mm long with the black, cuneate, oblique wing (1, 2).RangeChina: N Yunnan, NW Sichuan, NW Hubei, S Gansu, SW Shaanxi in the high montane to subalpine zones at 2000-4000 m altitude (1, 2)."Soils are mostly grey-brown mountain podzols. The climate is cold and moist. At its lowest elevation broad-leaved trees (e.g. Fagus engleriana, Davidia involucrata) are important but mostly it forms either pure forests or mixed coniferous forests with among other species Picea purpurea, P. asperata, P. neoveitchii, P. brachytyla, Larix potaninii, Abies chensiensis, A. recurvata, Tsuga chinensis and Taxus chinensis. Some broad-leaved trees are usually present; Betula spp., Populus spp. and many shrubs: Cotoneaster, Ribes, Spiraea, Rhododendron and Berberis are among the common genera (except in dense Picea-Abies forest)" (2). Big TreeOldestDendrochronologyEthnobotanyObservationsRemarksCitations(1) Silba 1986.(2) Farjon 1990. |
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