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PBIO 250 Lecture Notes
James L. Reveal
Norton-Brown Herbarium, University of Maryland
Thorne System of Angiosperm Classification
11. Rutanae Takht. (1967)
Fabanae R. Dahlgren ex Reveal (1993)
1. Rutales Perleb (1826)
Acerales Lindl. (1833)
Aesculales Bromhead (1838)
Burserales Baskerville (1839)
Cassiales Horan. (1847)
Citrales Dumort. (1829)
Connarales Takht. ex Reveal (1996)
Coriariales Lindl. (1833)
Fabales Bromhead (1838)
Julianiales Engl., nom. admiss. (1907)
Leitneriales Engl. (1897)
Meliales Lindl. (1833)
Moringales Nakai (1943)
Sabiales Takht. (1996)
Sapindales Dumort. (1829)
1. Rutaceae Juss., nom. cons. (1789)
Amyridaceae Kunth (1824)
Aurantiaceae Durande (1782)
Boroniaceae J. Agardh (1858)
Citraceae Roussel (1806)
Cuspariaceae (DC.) Tratt., nom. illeg. (1825)
Dictamnaceae Vest (1818)
Diosmaceae R. Br. ex Bartl. (1830)
Diplolaenaceae J. Agardh (1858)
Flindersiaceae (Engl.) C.T. White ex Airy Shaw (1965)
Fraxinellaceae Nees & Mart. (1823)
Jamboliferaceae Martinov (1820)
Monieraceae Raf., nom. illeg. (1838)
Pilocarpaceae J. Agardh (1858)
Pteleaceae Kunth (1824)
Spatheliaceae J. Agardh (1858)
Zanthoxylaceae Bercht. & J. Presl (1820)
2. Rhabdodendraceae (Huber) Prance (1968)
3. Cneoraceae Link, nom. cons. (1831)
Chamaeleaceae Bertol., nom. illeg. (1834)
4. Simaroubaceae DC., nom. cons. (1811)
Ailanthaceae (Arn.) J. Agardh (1858)
Castelaceae J. Agardh (1858)
Irvingiaceae (Engl.) Exell & Mendonc,a, nom. cons. (1951)
Kirkiaceae (Engl.) Takht. (1967)
Quassiaceae Bertol. (1827)
Simabaceae Horan. (1847)
Soulameaceae Endl. (1841)
5. Picramniaceae (Engler) Fernando & Quinn (1995)
6. Ptaeroxylaceae J.-F. Leroy (1960)
7. Meliaceae Juss., nom. cons. (1789)
Aitoniaceae (Harv.) R.A. Dyer, nom. inadmiss. (1975)
Cedrelaceae R. Br. (1814)
Swieteniaceae Bercht. & J. Presl (1820)
8. Burseraceae Kunth, nom. cons. (1824)
Balsameaceae Dumort. (1829)
9. Anacardiaceae Lindl., nom. cons. (1830)
Blepharocaryaceae Airy Shaw (1965)
Cassuviaceae Juss. ex R. Br., nom. illeg. (1818)
Comocladiaceae Martinov (1820)
Julianiaceae Hemsl., nom. cons. (1906)
Pistaciaceae Adans. (1763)
Podoaceae Baill. ex Franch. (1889)
Schinaceae Raf. (1837)
Spondiadaceae Martinov (1820)
Sumachieae (DC.) Perleb, nom. illeg. (1838)
Terebinthaceae Durande, nom. illeg. (1782)
Vernicaceae Link (1831)
10. Leitneriaceae Benth. & Hook.f. (1880)
11. Tepuianthaceae Maguire & Steyerm. (1981)
12. Coriariaceae DC., nom. cons. (1824)
13. Sapindaceae Juss., nom. cons. (1789)
Aceraceae Juss., nom. cons. (1789)
Aesculaceae Bercht. & J. Presl (1820)
Allophylaceae Martinov (1820)
Dodonaeaceae Link, nom. cons. (1831)
Emblingiaceae (Pax) Airy Shaw (1965)
Hippocastanaceae DC., nom. cons. (1824)
Koelreuteriaceae J. Agardh (1858)
Ornithropaceae Martinov (1820)
Paulliniaceae Durande (1782)
Paviaceae Horan. (1834)
Stylobasiaceae J. Agardh (1858)
14. Sabiaceae Blume, nom. cons. (1851)
Meliosmaceae Endl. (1841)
Millingtoniaceae Wight & Arn., nom. illeg. (1834)
Wellingtoniaceae Meisn. (1840)
15. Melianthaceae Link, nom. cons. (1831)
16. Akaniaceae Stapf, nom. cons. (1912)
17. Bretschneideraceae Engl. & Gilg, nom. cons. (1924)
18. Moringaceae R. Br. ex Dumort., nom. cons. (1829)
Hyperantheraceae Link (1829)
19. Surianaceae Arn. (1834)
20. Connaraceae R. Br., nom. cons. (1818)
Cnestiaceae (Raf.) Raf. (1830)
21. Fabaceae Lindl., nom. cons. (1836)
Aspalathaceae Martinov (1820)
Astragalaceae Martinov (1820)
Bauhiniaceae Martinov (1820)
Caesalpiniaceae R. Br., nom. cons. (1814)
Cassiaceae Vest (1818)
Ceratoniaceae Link (1831)
Ciceraceae Steele (1847)
Coronillaceae Martinov (1820)
Detariaceae (DC.) J. Hess (1832)
Galedupaceae Martinov (1820)
Hedysaraceae Oken (1826)
Inocarpaceae Zoll. (1854-1855)
Lathyraceae Burnett (1835)
Leguminosae Juss., nom. cons. et nom. alt. (1789)
Lotaceae Oken (1826)
Mimosaceae R. Br., nom. cons. (1814)
Papilionaceae Giseke, nom. cons. et nom. alt. (1792)
Phaseolaceae Schnizl. (1843-1870)
Robiniaceae Vest (1818)
Swartzieae (DC.) Bartl. (1830)
Tamarindaceae Bercht. & J. Presl (1820)
Viciaceae Bercht. & J. Presl (1820)
12. Proteanae Takht. (1967)
1. Proteales Dumort. (1829)
1. Proteaceae Juss., nom. cons. (1789)
Lepidocarpaceae Schultz Sch., nom. illeg. (1832)
13. Rosanae Takht. (1967)
Buxanae Takht. (1996)
Daphniphyllanae Takht. (1996)
Hamamelidanae Takht. (1967)
Juglandanae Takht. ex Reveal (1992)
Myrothamnanae Takht. (1996)
Podostemanae R. Dahlgren ex Reveal (1992)
Saxifraganae Reveal (1994)
Trochodendranae Takht. ex Reveal (1996)
1. Hamamelidales Griseb. (1854)
Cercidiphyllales Hu ex Reveal (1993)
Eupteleales Hu ex Reveal (1993)
Platanales J.H. Schaffn. (1929)
Trochodendrales Takht. ex Cronquist (1981)
1. Trochodendraceae Prantl, nom. cons. (1888)
Tetracentraceae A.C. Sm., nom. cons. (1945)
2. Eupteleaceae K. Wilh., nom. cons. (1910)
3. Cercidiphyllaceae Engl., nom. cons. (1909)
4. Platanaceae T. Lestib. ex Dumort., nom. cons. (1829)
5. Hamamelidaceae R. Br., nom. cons. (1818)
Altingiaceae Lindl., nom. cons. (1846)
Bucklandiaceae J. Agardh, nom. illeg. (1858)
Disanthaceae Nakai (1943)
Fothergillaceae Nutt. (1818)
Parrotiaceae Horan. (1834)
Rhodoleiaceae Nakai (1943)
2. Casuarinales Lindl. (1833)
1. Casuarinaceae R. Br., nom. cons. (1814)
3. Balanopales Engl. (1897)
Buxales Takht. ex Reveal (1996)
Daphniphyllales Pulle ex Cronquist (1981)
Didymelales Takht. (1967)
1. Buxaceae Dumort., nom. cons. (1822)
Pachysandraceae J. Agardh (1858)
Stylocerataceae (Pax) Takht. ex Reveal & Hoogland (1990)
2. Didymelaceae Leandri (1937)
3. Daphniphyllaceae Müll.-Arg., nom. cons. (1869)
4. Balanopaceae Benth. & Hook.f. (1880)
4. Bruniales Dumort. (1829)
Geissolomatales Takht. ex Reveal (1992)
Hydrostachyales Diels ex Reveal (1993)
Myrothamnales Nakai ex Reveal (1993)
Roridulales Nakai (1943)
1. Roridulaceae Engl. & Gilg, nom. cons. (1924)
2. Bruniaceae R. Br. ex DC., nom. cons. (1825)
Berzeliaceae Nakai (1943)
3. Geissolomataceae Endl. (1841)
4. Grubbiaceae Endl., nom. cons. (1839)
Ophiraceae Arn. (1841)
5. Myrothamnaceae Nied., nom. cons. (1891)
6. Hydrostachyaceae Engl., nom. cons. (1898)
5. Juglandales Dumort. (1829)
Myricales Engl. (1897)
Rhoipteleales Novák. ex Reveal (1992)
1. Rhoipteleaceae Hand.-Mazz., nom. cons. (1932)
2. Juglandaceae A. Rich. ex Kunth, nom. cons. (1824)
3. Myricaceae Blume, nom. cons. (1829)
6. Betulales Bromhead (1838)
Corylales Dumort. (1829)
Fagales Engl. (1892)
Quercales Burnett (1835)
1. Ticodendraceae Gómez-Laur. & L.D. Gómez (1991)
2. Betulaceae Gray, nom. cons. (1821)
Carpinaceae Vest (1818)
Corylaceae Mirb., nom. cons. (1815)
3. Nothofagaceae Kuprian. (1962)
4. Fagaceae Dumort., nom. cons. (1829)
Castaneaceae Adans. (1763)
Quercaceae Bercht. & J. Presl (1820)
7. Rosales Perleb (1826)
Crossosomatales Takht. ex Reveal (1993)
Sanguisorbales Dumort. (1829)
1. Rosaceae Juss., nom. cons. (1789)
Agrimoniaceae Gray (1821)
Alchemillaceae Martinov (1820)
Amygdalaceae (Juss.) D. Don, nom. cons. (1825)
Cercocarpaceae J. Agardh (1858)
Coleogynaceae J. Agardh (1858)
Cydoniaceae Schnizl. (1858)
Dryadaceae Gray (1821)
Fragariaceae Nestl. (1816)
Lindleyaceae J. Agardh (1858)
Malaceae Small ex Britt., nom. cons. (1903)
Mespilaceae Schultz Sch. (1832)
Neilliaceae Miq. (1855)
Potentillaceae (Juss.) Wilbr. (1824)
Poteriaceae Raf. (1815)
Prunaceae Bercht. & J. Presl (1820)
Pyraceae Vest (1818)
Quillajaceae D. Don (1831)
Rhodotypaceae J. Agardh (1858)
Sanguisorbaceae Durande (1782)
Sorbaceae Brenner (1886)
Spiraeaceae Bertuch (1801)
Tormentillaceae Martinov (1820)
Ulmariaceae Gray (1821)
2. Neuradaceae Link, nom. cons. (1831)
Grielaceae Martinov (1820)
3. Crossosomataceae Engl., nom. cons. (1897)
4. Anisophylleaceae Ridl. (1922)
Polygonanthaceae Croizat (1943)
8. Saxifragales Dumort. (1829)
Cephalotales Nakai (1943)
Crassulales Lindl. (1833)
Diapensiales Engl. & Gilg (1924)
Droserales Griseb. (1854)
Francoales Takht. (1996)
Greyiales Takht. (1996)
Grossulariales Lindl. (1833)
Parnassiales Nakai (1943)
Sedales Rchb.f. (1828)
Stylidiales Takht. ex Reveal (1992)
1. Tetracarpaeaceae Nakai (1943)
2. Crassulaceae DC., nom. cons. (1805)
Cotyledonaceae Martinov (1820)
Rhodiolaceae Martinov (1820)
Sedaceae Adans. (1763)
Sempervivaceae Durande (1782)
Tillaeaceae Martinov (1820)
3. Cephalotaceae Dumort., nom. cons. (1829)
4. Penthoraceae Rydb. ex Britt., nom. cons. (1901)
5. Saxifragaceae Juss., nom. cons. (1789)
Pectiantiaceae Raf. (1837)
6. Francoaceae A. Juss., nom. cons. (1832)
7. Grossulariaceae DC., nom. cons. (1805)
Ribesiaceae Marq. (1820)
8. Vahliaceae Dandy (1959)
9. Eremosynaceae Dandy (1959)
10. Lepuropetalaceae (Engl.) Nakai (1943)
11. Parnassiaceae Gray, nom. cons. (1821)
12. Stylidiaceae R. Br., nom. cons. (1810)
Candolleaceae F. Muell., nom. illeg. (1883)
Donatiaceae (Engl.) B. Chandler, nom. cons. (1911)
13. Droseraceae Salisb. (1808)
Aldrovandaceae Nakai (1949)
Dionaeaceae Raf. (1837)
Drosophyllaceae Chrtek, Slavíková & Studnicka (1989)
14. Greyiaceae Hutch., nom. cons. (1926)
15. Diapensiaceae (Link) Lindl., nom. cons. (1836)
Galacaceae D. Don (1828)
9. Podostemales Lindl. (1833)
Marathrales Dumort. (1829)
1. Podostemaceae Rich. ex C. Agardh, nom. cons. (1822)
Marathraceae Dumort. (1829)
Philocrenaceae Bongard (1834)
Tristichaceae Willis (1915)
10. Cunoniales Hutch. (1924)
1. Cunoniaceae R. Br. (1814)
Baueraceae Lindl. (1830)
Belangeraceae J. Agardh (1858)
Brunelliaceae Engl., nom. cons. (1897)
Callicomaceae J. Agardh (1858)
Eucryphiaceae Endl. (1841)
2. Davidsoniaceae Bange (1952)
3. Staphyleaceae (DC.) Lindl., nom. cons. (1829)
Ochranthaceae Endl. (1841)
Tapisciaceae (Pax) Takht. (1987)
14. Cornanae Thorne ex Reveal (1996)
Aralianae Takht. (1967)
Dipsacanae Takht. (1996)
Eucommianae Takht. ex Reveal (1993)
Vitanae Takht. ex Reveal (1992)
1. Hydrangeales Nakai (1943)
Brexiales Lindl. (1833)
Desfontainiales Takht. (1996)
Hortensiales Griseb. (1854)
1. Hydrangeaceae Dumort., nom. cons. (1829)
Hortensiaceae Bercht. & J. Presl (1820)
Kirengeshomaceae Nakai (1943)
Philadelphaceae Martinov (1820)
2. Escalloniaceae R. Br. ex Dumort., nom. cons. (1829)
Abrophyllaceae Nakai (1943)
Argophyllaceae (Engl.) Takht. (1987)
Corokiaceae Takht. (1996)
Dulongiaceae J. Agardh, nom. illeg. (1858)
Iteaceae J. Agardh, nom. cons. (1858)
Phyllonomaceae Small (1905)
Polyosmaceae Blume (1851)
Pterostemonaceae Small, nom. cons. (1905)
Tribelaceae (Engl.) Airy Shaw (1965)
3. Carpodetaceae Fenzl (1841)
4. Griseliniaceae J.R. Forst. & G. Forst. ex A. Cunn. (1839)
5. Alseuosmiaceae Airy Shaw (1965)
6. Montiniaceae Nakai (1943)
Kaliphoraceae Takht. (1996)
Melanophyllaceae Takht. ex Airy Shaw (1972)
7. Brexiaceae Loud. (1830)
Ixerbaceae Griseb. (1854)
Rousseaceae DC. (1839)
8. Columelliaceae D. Don, nom. cons. (1828)
9. Desfontainiaceae Endl., nom. cons. (1841)
2. Cornales Dumort. (1829)
Aralidiales Takht. ex Reveal (1992)
Eucommiales Nemejc ex Cronquist (1981)
Garryales Lindl. (1846)
Gunnerales Takht. ex Reveal (1992)
Haloragales Bromhead (1838)
Icacinales Tiegh. ex Reveal (1993)
Vitales Reveal (1996)
1. Vitaceae Juss., nom. cons. (1789)
Ampelopsidaceae Kostel. (1835)
Cissaceae Drejer (1840)
Leeaceae (DC.) Dumort., nom. cons. (1829)
Pterisanthaceae J. Agardh (1858)
2. Gunneraceae Meisn., nom. cons. (1842)
3. Haloragaceae R. Br. (1814)
Cercodiaceae Juss. (1817)
Myriophyllaceae Schultz Sch. (1832)
4. Cornaceae (Bercht. & J. Presl) Dumort., nom. cons. (1829)
Davidiaceae (Harms) H.L. Li (1955)
Mastixiaceae Calest. (1905)
Nyssaceae Juss. ex Dumort., nom. cons. (1829)
5. Curtisiaceae (Harms) Takht. (1987)
6. Alangiaceae DC., nom. cons. (1828)
7. Garryaceae Lindl., nom. cons. (1834)
8. Aucubaceae J. Agardh (1858)
9. Aralidiaceae Philipson & B.C. Stone (1980)
10. Eucommiaceae Engl., nom. cons. (1909)
11. Icacinaceae (Benth.) Miers, nom. cons. (1851)
Pennantiaceae J. Agardh (1858)
Phytocrenaceae Arn. ex R. Br. (1852)
12. Metteniusaceae H. Karst. ex Schnizl. (1843-1870)
13. Cardiopteridaceae Blume, nom. cons. (1847)
13. Peripterygiaceae F.N. Williams (1905)
3. Pittosporales Lindl. (1833)
Byblidales Nakai ex Reveal (1993)
1. Pittosporaceae R. Br., nom. cons. (1814)
2. Byblidaceae (Engl. & Gilg) Domin, nom. cons. (1922)
3. Tremandraceae R. Br. ex DC., nom. cons. (1824)
Tetrathecaceae R. Br. (1814)
4. Araliales Reveal (1996)
Ammiales Small (1903)
Apiales Nakai (1930)
Torricelliales Takht. ex Reveal (1992)
1. Helwingiaceae Decne. (1836)
2. Torricelliaceae (Wang.) Hu (1934)
3. Araliaceae Juss., nom. cons. (1789)
Botryodendraceae J. Agardh (1858)
Hederaceae Giseke (1792)
4. Hydrocotylaceae (Link) N. Hyl., nom. cons. (1945)
5. Apiaceae Lindl., nom. cons. (1836)
Ammiaceae J. Presl & C. Presl ex Barnh. (1895)
Angelicaceae Martinov (1820)
Bupleuraceae Martinov (1820)
Coriandraceae Burnett (1835)
Daucaceae Martinov (1820)
Eryngiaceae Raf. (1838)
Imperatoriaceae Martinov (1820)
Pastinacaceae Martinov (1820)
Saniculaceae (Burnett) A. Löve & D. Löve (1974)
Smyrniaceae Burnett (1835)
Umbelliferae Juss., nom. cons. et nom. alt. (1789)
5. Dipsacales Dumort. (1829)
Adoxales Nakai (1949)
Caprifoliales Lindl. (1833)
Lonicerales T. Liebe (1866)
Viburnales Dumort. (1829)
1. Caprifoliaceae Juss., nom. cons. (1789)
Carlemanniaceae Airy Shaw (1965)
Loniceraceae Vest (1818)
2. Adoxaceae Trautv., nom. cons. (1853)
Sambucaceae Batsch (1786)
Tinaceae Martinov (1820)
Viburnaceae Raf. (1820)
3. Valerianaceae Batsch, nom. cons. (1802)
4. Triplostegiaceae (Höck) Airy Shaw (1965)
5. Dipsacaceae Juss., nom. cons. (1789)
Scabiosaceae Adans. (1763)
6. Morinaceae Raf. (1820)
15. Asteranae Takht. (1967)
Campanulanae Takht. ex Reveal (1992)
1. Asterales Lindl. (1833)
Ambrosiales Dumort. (1829)
Calycerales Takht. ex Reveal (1996)
Carduales Small (1903)
1. Calyceraceae R. Br. ex Rich., nom. cons. (1820)
Boopidaceae Cass. (1816)
2. Asteraceae Dumort., nom. cons. (1822)
Acarnaceae Link (1829)
Ambrosiaceae Link, nom. cons. (1829)
Anthemidaceae Martinov (1820)
Aposeridaceae Raf. (1838)
Arctotaceae Bessey (1914)
Artemisiaceae Martinov (1820)
Athanasiaceae Martinov (1820)
Calendulaceae Link (1829)
Carduaceae Dumort. (1822)
Centaureaceae Martinov (1820)
Cichoriaceae Juss., nom. cons. (1789)
Cnicaceae Vest (1818)
Compositae Giseke, nom. cons. et nom. alt. (1792)
Coreopsidaceae Link (1829)
Cynaraceae Durande (1782)
Echinopaceae Dumort., nom. cons. (1822)
Eupatoriaceae Martinov (1820)
Gnaphaliaceae Link ex Rudolphi (1830)
Heleniaceae Raf. (1824)
Helianthaceae Dumort. (1822)
Helichrysaceae Link (1829)
Inulaceae Bessey (1914)
Lactucaceae Drude (1879)
Lampsanaceae Martinov, nom. illeg. (1820)
Matricariaceae Voigt (1845)
Mutisiaceae Burnett (1835)
Nassauviaceae Burmeist. (1837)
Partheniaceae Link (1829)
Perdiciaceae Link (1829)
Picridaceae Martinov (1820)
Santolinaceae Martinov (1820)
Senecionaceae Spenn. (1834)
Serratulaceae Martinov (1820)
Tanacetaceae Vest (1818)
Vernoniaceae Burmeist. (1837)
Xanthiaceae Vest (1818)
2. Campanulales Rchb.f. (1828)
Brunoniales Lindl. (1833)
Goodeniales Lindl. (1833)
Menyanthales Takht. (1996)
1. Menyanthaceae (Dumort.) Dumort., nom. cons. (1829)
2. Pentaphragmataceae J. Agardh (1858)
3. Sphenocleaceae Mart. ex DC., nom. cons. (1839)
Pongatiaceae Endl. ex Meisn., nom. illeg. (1839)
4. Campanulaceae Juss., nom. cons. (1789)
Cyananthaceae J. Agardh (1858)
Cyphiaceae A. DC. (1839)
Cyphocarpaceae (Miers) Reveal & Hoogl. (1996)
Dortmannaceae Rupr. (1856)
Jasionaceae Dumort. (1829)
Lobeliaceae R. Br., nom. cons. (1817)
Nemacladaceae Nutt. (1842)
5. Goodeniaceae R. Br. (1810)
Brunoniaceae Dumort., nom. cons. (1829)
Scaevolaceae Lindl. (1830)
16. Solananae R. Dahlgren ex Reveal (1992)
1. Solanales Dumort. (1829)
Boraginales Dumort. (1829)
Convolvulales Dumort. (1829)
Nolanales Lindl. (1835)
Polemoniales Bromhead (1838)
1. Solanaceae Juss., nom. cons. (1789)
Atropaceae Martinov (1820)
Cestraceae Schltdl. (1833)
Daturaceae Raf. (1828)
Hyoscyamaceae Vest (1818)
Lyciaceae Raf. (1840)
Nicotianaceae Martinov (1820)
Salpiglossidaceae (Benth.) Hutch. (1969)
Sclerophylacaceae Miers (1848)
2. Duckeodendraceae Kuhlm. (1950)
3. Goetzeaceae Airy Shaw (1965)
4. Nolanaceae Dumort., nom. cons. (1829)
5. Convolvulaceae Juss., nom. cons. (1789)
Cressaceae Raf. (1821)
Cuscutaceae (Dumort.) Dumort., nom. cons. (1829)
Dichondraceae Dumort., nom. cons. (1829)
Erycibaceae Endl. ex Meisn. (1840)
Humbertiaceae Pichon, nom. cons. (1947)
Poranaceae J. Agardh (1858)
6. Hydrophyllaceae R. Br., nom. cons. (1817)
Ellisiaceae Bercht. & J. Presl (1820)
Eutocaceae Horan. (1847)
Hydroleaceae Bercht. & J. Presl (1820)
Sagoneaceae Martinov (1820)
7. Boraginaceae Juss., nom. cons. (1789)
Anchusaceae Vest (1818)
Buglossaceae Hoffmanns. & Link (1809)
Cerinthaceae Martinov (1820)
Cordiaceae R. Br. ex Dumort., nom. cons. (1829)
Echiaceae Raf. (1837)
Ehretiaceae Mart. ex Lindl., nom. cons. (1830)
Heliotropiaceae Schrad. (1819)
Onosmaceae Martinov (1820)
Sebestenaceae Vent. (1799)
Wellstediaceae (Pilg.) Novák (1943)
8. Hoplestigmataceae Engl. & Gilg, nom. cons. (1924)
9. Lennoaceae Solms, nom. cons. (1870)
10. Tetrachondraceae Wettst. (1924)
11. Polemoniaceae Juss., nom. cons. (1789)
Cobaeaceae D. Don (1824)
17. Loasanae R. Dahlgren ex Reveal (1996)
1. Loasales Bessey (1907)
1. Loasaceae Dumort. (1822)
Cevalliaceae Griseb. (1854)
Gronoviaceae Endl. (1841)
18. Myrtanae Takht. (1967)
1. Myrtales Rchb.f. (1828)
Combretales Baskerville (1839)
Lythrales Caruel (1881)
Melastomatales Oliv. (1895)
Oenotherales Bromhead (1838)
Onagrales Rchb.f., nom. admiss. (1828)
Penaeales Lindl. (1833)
1. Lythraceae J. St.-Hil., nom. cons. (1805)
Ammanniaceae Horan. (1834)
Blattiaceae Nied. (1892)
Daubangaceae Takht. (1986)
Lagerstroemiaceae J. Agardh (1858)
Lawsoniaceae J. Agardh (1858)
Punicaceae Horan., nom. cons. (1834)
Salicariaceae Adans., nom. illeg. (1763)
Sonneratiaceae Engl. & Gilg, nom. cons. (1924)
2. Alzateaceae S.A. Graham (1985)
3. Rhynchocalycaceae L.A.S. Johnson & B.G. Briggs (1985)
4. Penaeaceae Sweet ex Guill., nom. cons. (1828)
5. Oliniaceae Harv. & Sond., nom. cons. (1862)
6. Trapaceae Dumort., nom. cons. (1829)
7. Crypteroniaceae A. DC., nom. cons. (1868)
Henslowiaceae Lindl. (1835)
8. Melastomataceae Juss., nom. cons. (1789)
Blakeaceae Rchb. ex Barnh. (1895)
Memecylaceae DC. ex Schltdl. (1827)
Miconiaceae K. Koch (1857)
Mouririaceae Gardner (1840)
Rhexiaceae Dumort. (1822)
9. Combretaceae R. Br., nom. cons. (1810)
Bucidaceae Spreng. (1825)
Myrobalanaceae Martinov (1820)
Sheadendraceae Bertol. (1850)
Terminaliaceae J. St.-Hil. (1805)
10. Onagraceae Juss., nom. cons. (1789)
Circaeaceae Ruthe (1827)
Epilobiaceae Vent. (1799)
Fuchsiaceae (DC.) Lilja (1870)
Isnardiaceae Martinov (1820)
Jussiaeaceae Martinov (1820)
Lopeziaceae (Spach) Lilja (1870)
Oenotheraceae C.C. Robin (1807)
11. Myrtaceae Juss., nom. cons. (1789)
Chamelauciaceae (DC.) Rudolphi (1830)
Heteropyxidaceae Engl. & Gilg, nom. cons. (1920)
Kaniaceae Nakai (1943)
Leptospermaceae (Bercht. & J. Presl) Rudolphi (1830)
Melaleucaceae Vest (1818)
Myrrhiniaceae Arn. (1839)
Psiloxylaceae Croizat (1960)
19. Gentiananae Thorne ex Reveal (1992)
Lamianae Takht. (1967)
Oleanae Takht. (1996)
1. Gentianales Lindl. (1833)
Apocynales Bromhead (1838)
Asclepiadales Dumort. (1829)
Chironiales Griseb. (1854)
Cinchonales Lindl. (1835)
Galiales Bromhead (1838)
Jasminales Dumort. (1829)
Ligustrales Bartl. ex Bisch. (1839)
Loganiales Lindl. (1833)
Rubiales Dumort. (1829)
Theligonales Nakai (1942)
Vincales Horan. (1847)
1. Loganiaceae R. Br. ex Mart., nom. cons. (1827)
Antoniaceae Hutch. (1959)
Gardneriaceae Wall. ex Perleb (1838)
Gelsemiaceae (G. Don) Struwe & V. Albert (1995)
Geniostomaceae Struwe & V. Albert (1995)
Plocospermataceae Hutch. (1973)
Potaliaceae Mart. (1827)
Spigeliaceae Mart. (1827)
Strychnaceae DC. ex Perleb (1818)
2. Rubiaceae Juss., nom. cons. (1789)
Aparinaceae Adans. (1763)
Asperulaceae Spenn. (1835)
Catesbaeaceae Martinov (1820)
Cephalanthaceae Raf. (1820)
Cinchonaceae Batsch (1802)
Coffeaceae Batsch (1802)
Coutareaceae Martinov (1820)
Cynocrambaceae Endl., nom. illeg. (1841)
Galiaceae Lindl. (1836)
Gardeniaceae Dumort. (1829)
Guettardaceae Batsch (1802)
Hedyotidaceae Dumort. (1822)
Henriqueziaceae Bremek. (1957)
Houstoniaceae Raf. (1840)
Hydrophylacaceae Martinov (1820)
Lippayaceae Meisn. (1838)
Lygodisodeaceae Bartl. (1830)
Naucleaceae (DC.) Wernh. (1911)
Nonateliaceae Martinov (1820)
Operculariaceae Juss. ex Perleb (1818)
Pagamaeaceae Martinov (1820)
Psychotriaceae Rudolphi (1830)
Randicaceae Martinov (1820)
Sabiceaceae Martinov (1820)
Theligonaceae Dumort., nom. cons. (1829)
3. Dialypetalanthaceae Rizzini & Occhioni, nom. cons. (1948)
4. Apocynaceae Juss., nom. cons. (1789)
Asclepiadaceae R. Br., nom. cons. (1810)
Cerberaceae Martinov (1820)
Cynanchaceae G. Mey. (1836)
Ophioxylaceae Mart. ex Perleb (1838)
Pacouriaceae Martinov (1820)
Periplocaceae Schltr., nom. cons. (1905)
Plumeriaceae Horan. (1834)
Stapeliaceae Horan. (1834)
Vincaceae Vest (1818)
Willughbeaceae J. Agardh (1858)
5. Gentianaceae Juss., nom. cons. (1789)
Chironiaceae Horan. (1843)
Coutoubeaceae Martinov (1820)
Obolariaceae Martinov (1820)
6. Saccifoliaceae Maguire & Pires (1978)
2. Scrophulariales Lindl. (1833)
Acanthales Lindl. (1833)
Bignoniales Lindl. (1833)
Callitrichales Dumort. (1829)
Gesneriales Dumort. (1829)
Globulariales Dumort. (1829)
Hippuridales Pulle ex Reveal (1996)
Lamiales Bromhead (1838)
Lentibulariales Lindl., nom. admiss. (1833)
Oleales Lindl. (1833)
Pinguiculales Dumort. (1829)
Plantaginales Lindl. (1833)
Rhinanthales Dumort. (1829)
Verbenales Horan. (1847)
1. Oleaceae Hoffmanns. & Link, nom. cons. (1813-1820)
Bolivariaceae Griseb. (1838)
Forestieraceae Endl. (1841)
Fraxinaceae Vest (1818)
Jasminaceae Adans. (1763)
Ligustraceae G. Mey. (1836)
Lilacaceae Vent., nom. illeg. (1799)
Nyctanthaceae J. Agardh (1858)
Schreberaceae (Wight) Schnizl. (1843-1870)
Syringaceae Horan. (1847)
2. Buddlejaceae K. Wilh. (1910)
3. Stilbaceae Kunth, nom. cons. (1831)
Retziaceae Bartl. (1830)
4. Bignoniaceae Juss., nom. cons. (1789)
Crescentiaceae Dumort. (1829)
5. Pedaliaceae R. Br., nom. cons. (1810)
Sesamaceae R. Br. ex Bercht. & J. Presl (1820)
Trapellaceae Honda & Sakisaka (1930)
6. Martyniaceae Stapf, nom. cons. (1895)
7. Myoporaceae R. Br., nom. cons. (1810)
Bontiaceae Horan. (1834)
8. Scrophulariaceae Juss., nom. cons. (1789)
Aeginetiaceae Livera (1927)
Antirrhinaceae Pers. (1807)
Aragoaceae D. Don (1835)
Buchneraceae (Benth.) Lilja (1870)
Caprariaceae Martinov (1820)
Chelonaceae Martinov (1820)
Digitalidaceae Martinov (1820)
Ellisiophyllaceae Honda (1930)
Erinaceae Duvau ex Pfeiff. (1873)
Euphrasiaceae Martinov (1820)
Gratiolaceae Martinov (1820)
Hebenstretiaceae Horan. (1834)
Limosellaceae J. Agardh (1858)
Linariaceae Martinov (1820)
Melampyraceae Rich. ex Hook. & Lindl. (1821)
Oftiaceae Takht. & Reveal (1993)
Orobanchaceae Vent., nom. cons. (1799)
Oxycladaceae (Miers) Schnizl. (1843-1870)
Paulowniaceae Nakai (1949)
Pedicularidaceae Juss. (1789)
Phelypaeaceae Horan. (1834)
Rhinanthaceae Vent. (1799)
Schlegeliaceae (A.H. Gentry) Reveal (1996)
Selaginaceae Choisy, nom. cons. (1823)
Sibthorpiaceae D. Don (1835)
Spielmanniaceae J. Agardh, nom. illeg. (1858)
Verbasaceae Raf. (1821)
Veronicaceae Durande (1782)
9. Gesneriaceae Dumort., nom. cons. (1822)
Belloniaceae Martinov (1820)
Besleriaceae Raf. (1838)
Cyrtandraceae Jack (1823)
Didymocarpaceae D. Don (1822)
Ramondaceae Godr. (1850)
10. Globulariaceae DC., nom. cons. (1805)
11. Plantaginaceae Juss., nom. cons. (1789)
Littorellaceae Gray (1821)
Psylliaceae Horan. (1834)
12. Lentibulariaceae Rich., nom. cons. (1808)
Pinguiculaceae Dumort. (1829)
Utriculariaceae Hoffmanns. & Link, nom. cons. (1813-1820)
13. Acanthaceae Juss., nom. cons. (1789)
Justiciaceae Raf. (1838)
Mendonciaceae Bremek. (1954)
Meyeniaceae Sreem. (1977)
Nelsoniaceae (Nees) Sreem. (1977)
Thomandersiaceae Sreem. (1977)
Thunbergiaceae (Dumort.) Lilja (1870)
14. Callitrichaceae Link, nom. cons. (1821)
Stellariaceae MacMill., nom. illeg. (1892)
15. Hippuridaceae Link, nom. cons. (1821)
16. Verbenaceae J. St.-Hil., nom. cons. (1805)
Durantaceae J. Agardh (1858)
Lantanaceae Martinov (1820)
Petreaceae J. Agardh (1858)
17. Phrymaceae Schauer, nom. cons. (1847)
18. Symphoremataceae (Meisn.) Mold. ex Reveal & Hoogland (1991)
19. Nesogenaceae Marais (1981)
Cyclocheilaceae Marais (1981)
20. Avicenniaceae Endl. (1841)
21. Lamiaceae Lindl., nom. cons. (1836)
Aegiphilaceae Raf. (1838)
Chloanthaceae Hutch. (1959)
Glechomaceae Martinov (1820)
Labiatae Juss., nom. cons. et nom. alt. (1789)
Melittidaceae Martinov (1820)
Menthaceae Burnett (1835)
Nepetaceae Horan. (1834)
Salazariaceae F.A. Barkley (1975)
Salviaceae Raf. (1837)
Scutellaraceae Caruel (1894)
Siphonanthaceae Raf. (1838)
Viticaceae Juss. (1789)
Magnolianae through Geranianae or Lilianae through Commelinanae
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Plant Collecting
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